Video 47: Geld-Redemittel, Banking Vocabulary & Partizip I/II as Adjectives

Source: Roughly 2 hours 7 minutes total, but well over half the recording (from approximately 01:03:00 to the 02:07:00 end) is pure Whisper silence-filler ("Thank you.") with no audio — skipped entirely. Approximate topic ranges for the remaining ~63 minutes:

• 00:00–02:25 — Silence/greetings — skipped
• 02:25–09:11 — Homework review: idiomatic Redemittel (fixed expressions) about money — extracted below
• 09:11–13:01 — Silence/break, then a student question about the colloquial use of "knapp" — extracted below
• 13:01–21:00 — Banking/finance vocabulary list (Kapitel 12, page 139) — extracted below
• 21:00–23:41 — Brief vocabulary: forum/blog post terminology, synonym pair fristgerecht vs. pünktlich, and verwenden — extracted below
• 23:41–24:16 — Silence — skipped
• 24:16–33:01 — Comparative adjective review (je...desto / je...umso sentences from homework) and a spelling rule for adjectives ending in -el/-er — extracted below
• 33:01–45:46 — Fill-in-the-blank dialogue exercises: opening a bank account, taking out a loan, and a true/false reading exercise about PIN/card security — extracted below
• 45:46–01:02:56 — Kapitel 12 bakery text: Partizip I (present participle, "-ing") vs. Partizip II (past participle, "-ed") used as adjectives, with adjective-ending practice — extracted below
• 01:02:56–end (~01:03:00–02:07:00) — Silence/recording with no captured audio — skipped

Topics Covered

• Money-related Redemittel (idiomatic fixed expressions) from homework correction
• Colloquial usage note on knapp
• Banking and personal-finance vocabulary (opening accounts, loans, debts, deadlines, fines)
• Synonym pair: fristgerecht vs. pünktlich (both mean "on time/punctual," interchangeable)
• Comparative adjectives: je...desto/umso construction review and the -el/-er spelling rule for comparatives
• Reading/dialogue exercises: opening a bank account, applying for a credit/loan
• True/false reading comprehension: PIN number security rules (a "trick" question)
• Partizip I vs. Partizip II as adjectives (the main grammar focus): recognizing and forming "-ing" vs. "-ed" style adjectives from verbs, with correct adjective-ending agreement

Money-Related Redemittel (Idiomatic Expressions)

Homework correction of German idioms/fixed expressions related to money and spending:

• knapp bei Kasse sein — to be short of money ("short at the cash register," i.e. "I don't have money at the moment")
• das Geld mit beiden Händen zum Fenster rauswerfen — literally "to throw money out the window with both hands" → to spend money wastefully/unnecessarily, to overspend
• richtig Kohle machen — to make a lot of money (Kohle = colloquial for "money/bucks," literally "coal")
• das geht schön ins Geld — "that really costs/adds up" (an expensive habit or purchase)
• das kostet ja nicht die Welt — "that doesn't cost the world," i.e. it's not too expensive, it's affordable
• sich etwas leisten müssen / viel verzichten müssen — to have to do without a lot, to forgo/ sacrifice a lot (in order to afford something)
• richtig abschalten — to really switch off/disable, to properly relax and disengage
• gute Laune haben — to be in a good mood (also used in the sense of "forgetting all stress and anger")
• ansteckend sein — to be contagious/infectious
• Zeit irgendwo verbringen / sich irgendwo aufhalten — to spend time somewhere / to stay somewhere — the teacher noted these two expressions mean the same thing and are interchangeable in this context.
• On a homework multiple-choice item, the teacher noted that only one answer counts as correct even when two options seem semantically plausible — exam-style matching exercises generally expect a single intended match per item, not "whichever makes sense."

Note on "knapp"

A student asked whether knapp can also colloquially mean "close" (as in "that's close," used by their workplace supervisor: "Das ist zu knapp"). The teacher's core/textbook meaning for knapp in this lesson is "short (of), scarce" (e.g. knapp bei Kasse = short on cash), and confirmed knapp can also express scarcity generally. She had not personally encountered the specific colloquial "too close" usage but acknowledged it could be a regional/ colloquial extension and asked the class to flag it if anyone else had heard it — flagged here as an open/unconfirmed usage note rather than a confirmed rule.

Banking & Finance Vocabulary

From a Kapitel 12 vocabulary list (textbook page 139), nouns/verbs related to bank accounts and payments:

German	English
eröffnen	to open (an account)
der Antrag	application
die Einzahlung	deposit
abheben	to withdraw (money)
die Überziehung / überziehen	overdraft / to overdraw (an account)
die Überweisung / überweisen	transfer / to transfer (money)
wechseln	to change/exchange (e.g. currency)
die Sperrung / sperren	block / to block (a card, a road) — see note below
die Ausgaben	expenses, expenditure
BIC	Bank Identification Code
die Einnahme(n)	income, revenue
die Mahnung	payment reminder
fristgerecht versäumen	to miss a deadline (for payment)
die IBAN	International Bank Account Number
die Schulden	debt(s)
die Zahlung	payment
die Zinsen	interest
der Schein	bill/note (cash); also used in Bahnschein/Fahrschein = travel ticket
der Beitrag	contribution, amount (also: a forum/blog post, see below)
angeben	to give/state/submit (information)
die Strafe	punishment, fine, penalty

sperren — two meanings, one verb

The teacher specifically flagged a near-homophone trap: sparen (to save money) vs. sperren (to block/restrict). Sperren covers blocking a card (e.g. after loss/theft) and can also describe a road being closed: Die Straße ist gesperrt. — "The road is blocked/closed."

Forum post / blog post = Beitrag

A student asked how to say "blog post" in German — the answer given is that German typically uses Beitrag for this (the same word as "contribution/amount" above), often as Forumsbeitrag ("forum post"). The teacher noted that writing a Forumsbeitrag is a B2-level Schreiben task (B1 writing tasks are typically emails; B2 adds forum-post-style writing).

fristgerecht vs. pünktlich (synonym pair)

• fristgerecht — within the deadline, on time (with respect to a deadline/Frist)
• pünktlich — punctual, on time
• The teacher explicitly called out these two as synonyms that are interchangeable in this context and flagged that the exam tests recognition of such synonym pairs ("you have to focus specially on synonyms... exam").
• Example context used: Wenn man eine Rechnung nicht fristgerecht/pünktlich bezahlt, bekommt man eine Mahnung und muss eine Strafe zahlen. — "If you don't pay a bill on time, you get a reminder and have to pay a fine/penalty."

verwenden = to use

verwenden ("to use") was given as a vocabulary item in the context of "to enter a PIN" (den PIN verwenden / eingeben), confirmed as a straightforward synonym for "use."

Comparative Adjectives: je...desto/umso Review

A brief homework-review pass on comparative sentence structure (**je + comparative... desto/umso

• comparative**), reinforcing a rule from a previous class:

• Structure: Je + [adjective in comparative] ..., desto/umso + [adjective in comparative] + verb... — e.g. Je langweiliger die Arbeit ist, umso langsamer vergeht die Zeit. — "The more boring the work is, the more slowly time passes."
• Word order rule restated: in the je-clause the verb goes to the end (subordinate clause word order); in the desto/umso-clause the verb sits in second position only.
• Worked example: Je größer eine Firma ist, desto leichter bekommt sie von der Bank einen Kredit. — "The bigger a company is, the more easily it gets a loan from the bank."
• A student asked whether the definite article die could be added before a noun like Firma in their own sentence (vs. the textbook's version without it) — the teacher confirmed: if the textbook sentence is already written a certain way, match it as given, but if you are writing your own original sentence, adding die is grammatically correct and fine.

Spelling rule: comparative of adjectives ending in -el

When forming the comparative of adjectives ending in -el, the e before the l is dropped:

• flexibel → flexibler (not flexibeler) — "more flexible"
• This was also illustrated with comparatives like gross → grösser, lang → länger, and irregular comparatives previously covered (e.g. gut → besser, viel → mehr, teuer → teurer — note teuer also drops the middle e: teurer, not teuerer).

Reading & Dialogue Exercises: Banking Scenarios

Two short dialogues were read and vocabulary clarified:

Opening a bank account — phrases drilled: ein Konto eröffnen ("I would like to open an account"), Bedingungen ("conditions"), Gebühren ("fees"), kostenlos/kostenfrei ("free of charge" — confirmed Online-Banking ist kostenfrei), empfehlen ("to recommend"), Kontoauszug ("account/bank statement").

Applying for a credit/loan — dialogue: "Ich möchte gerne einen Kredit aufnehmen." — "I would like to take out a loan" (einen Kredit aufnehmen is a fixed expression: "to take up/ take out a loan"). Further vocabulary: wie hoch ("how much/how high," asking the loan amount), Zinsen ("interest"), zurückzahlen ("to pay back"), monatlich ("monthly"). A student's answer in the dialogue: Ich habe an 4.000 Euro gedacht — "I have thought of/I was thinking of 4,000 euros" (denken an + Akkusativ, here in Perfekt: gedacht an).

The teacher confirmed that the exam's Hören (listening) section does include this style of question (a mix of true/false plus one multiple-choice item per dialogue), based on a prior practice round.

True/false trick question: PIN security

A true/false reading exercise on bank-card security included a deliberately tricky pair of statements:

• Man darf seine Geheimnummer nicht aufschreiben. Das ist so gefährlich. — "One is not allowed to write down their PIN. That is so dangerous." → marked falsch.
• The source text actually said the PIN is personal (persönlich bestimmt) and that for safety reasons (aus Sicherheitsgründen) one should not keep the written-down PIN together with the card — i.e. you are allowed to write it down, you just must not store it with the card. The first statement's claim ("not allowed to write it down at all") is therefore false; the real restriction is narrower (don't keep it together with the card).
• Teacher's framing: this is a classic exam "twist" — the false statement is false not because the general idea is wrong, but because it overstates the restriction described in the text.

Partizip I vs. Partizip II as Adjectives (Kapitel 12 Bakery Text)

The main grammar focus of the second half: recognizing and correctly forming adjectives derived from Partizip I (present participle, roughly English "-ing") vs. Partizip II (past participle, roughly English "-ed"), each taking normal adjective endings.

• Partizip I = infinitive stem + -end (e.g. arbeiten → arbeitend), used like an "-ing" adjective in English (active, ongoing).
• Partizip II = the normal past participle (e.g. backen → gebacken), used like an "-ed" adjective in English (passive, completed/resultant state).
• The teacher's framing device for students: think in terms of English "-ing" vs. "-ed" to decide which German participle form is needed, then apply the correct adjective ending (e/en/er, depending on article type, gender, case, and number) on top of the participle.

Worked examples from the bakery text:

• Alle verwendeten Zutaten sind regional. — "All the used ingredients are regional." (Partizip II verwendet + plural/no-article-type ending -en) — contrasted explicitly with the wrong "using ingredients" (Partizip I) reading; context requires the passive/completed sense: ingredients that have been used, not ingredients that are doing the using.
• Die seit zwei Uhr morgens arbeitenden Angestellten... — "The employees working since two o'clock in the morning..." (Partizip I arbeitend + -en ending, plural/definite-article pattern) — describes an ongoing action, hence "-ing"/Partizip I.
• Am Morgen werden die gebackenen Brote und Brötchen in den Verkaufsraum gebracht. — "In the morning the baked breads and rolls are brought to the sales room." (Partizip II of backen, discussed at length — see note below)
• ...kommen die frisch gebackenen Kuchen und Torten... — "...come the freshly baked cakes and tortes..." Here frisch ("freshly") takes no separate adjective ending because it is treated as fused with the participle into a single compound descriptor (frisch gebacken = "freshly baked," functioning as one adjectival unit) — only the participle itself (gebackenen) carries the adjective ending.
• Die Bäckerei ist bekannt für ihre wartenden Kunden vor der Tür. — "The bakery is known for its waiting customers in front of it." (Partizip I wartend + ending, describing an ongoing action — customers in the act of waiting)
• Viele kaufen einen leckeren Kaffee und ein Stück Kuchen. — "Many buy a tasty coffee and a piece of cake." (used to drill case: Kaffee is masculine accusative after kaufen, so einen, unbestimmter Artikel)

Correction: gebacken vs. backt (past participle of backen)

A student initially produced a wrong form for the past participle of backen ("to bake"). The teacher confirmed the correct past participle is gebacken (irregular: backen → backte/buk → gebacken), not a regularly-formed alternative the student suggested. She noted that two participle forms can sometimes coexist for a verb (regional/older vs. standard), but in this exercise gebacken is the form that correctly carries the "baked" (passive/resultant) meaning.

Adjective-ending edge case: definite article + adjective + noun

A student asked about a phrase structured as [definite article] + [adjective] + [zubereitet/noun] — e.g. something like der frisch zubereitete... — wanting to confirm that because there's a definite article (der/die/das) followed by an adjective before the noun, the construction still counts as using that definite article (i.e. the article doesn't "skip" to the noun directly; it governs the whole adjective+noun phrase). The teacher confirmed: yes — the article is not specifically tied to the adjective in isolation, it refers to the noun that follows the adjective, so the bestimmter Artikel adjective-ending pattern still applies across the whole phrase.

Minor exception noted on adjective endings after "alle"

In one fill-in-the-blank item, the technically "correct" answer per the answer key was the -en ending (since alle is an exception that always takes -en endings, even though it might look like it should pattern with e-type endings for an "article-like" word at this B1 level). The teacher clarified that at this level, students would not be penalized for writing -e instead of -en in that specific spot, but the technically correct/expected form per the answer key is -en because alle is one of a small set of words (along with similar all-encompassing quantifiers) that always takes plural/dative-style -en endings regardless of the surface pattern.

Notes & Tips

• Synonym recognition is explicitly exam-relevant: the teacher called out fristgerecht / pünktlich as a pair students should memorize together, since Sprachbausteine/Lesen items often test whether you recognize synonymous fixed expressions rather than asking for exact textbook wording.
• Money idioms (Redemittel) are tested as fixed units — phrases like das Geld zum Fenster rauswerfen or das kostet nicht die Welt should be learned as whole expressions, not built word-by-word, since their literal translations don't map directly to their idiomatic meaning.
• sparen vs. sperren is a common near-homophone confusion (save vs. block) — worth double- checking spelling when these come up in Lesen/Hören.
• einen Kredit aufnehmen ("to take out a loan") is a fixed collocation worth memorizing as a unit for the banking/finance vocabulary theme, which recurs across Sprachbausteine and Hören dialogue tasks.
• For Partizip I vs. Partizip II as adjectives, the fastest mental check is translating to English "-ing" (ongoing/active → Partizip I) vs. "-ed" (completed/passive → Partizip II), then layering the normal adjective-ending rules (depending on article type, gender, case, number) on top of the chosen participle.
• True/false reading items often hinge on a text overstating or understating a restriction — read for the exact scope of a rule (e.g. "don't write it down" vs. "don't keep it with the card") rather than the general gist, since exams frequently construct a plausible-sounding false statement by broadening or narrowing the original claim.
• This recording's usable teaching content is concentrated in the first ~63 minutes; the remainder of the file (roughly 01:03:00 onward, over an hour) is silent Whisper filler with nothing further to extract.