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04-Adjective

    00-Overview

    01-Noun

    02-Article

    03-Pronoun

    04-Adjective
    • Adjectives 🎹


    • Degrees of Comparison (Komparation) đŸ“¶


    • Fixed Adjective + Preposition — Feste Adjektiv-PrĂ€positionen 🔗


    • Adjective List 📋


    • Adjective Cheat Sheet đŸ§Ÿ


    • 04-Adjective Index


    05-Particles

    06-Verb

    07-Adverb

    08-Preposition

    09-Tense

    10-Sentences

    11-Conjunctions

    12-Sentence-Structure

    13-Konjunktiv

    14-Voice

    Life

    Telc-B1

    Telc-Hearing

    Telc-Speaking

    Telc-Writting

    X-Class-Notes

Cover Image for Adjective Cheat Sheet đŸ§Ÿ
04-Adjective

Adjective Cheat Sheet đŸ§Ÿ

One-page German adjective quick-reference: all three declension endings side by side, comparison rules, fixed adjective+preposition shortlist, Partizip I/II formation, nominalized adjectives, and common mistakes — everything to review right before an exam.

German
Grammar
Adjectives
Cheat Sheet
Language
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Adjective Cheat Sheet đŸ§Ÿ

Quick review only — see Adjectives for the full explanations behind every rule here.

1. Position → Ending?

PositionEnding?Example
After noun (sein/werden/bleiben)❌ NoDer Hund ist groß.
Before noun✅ Yesder große Hund
Noun omitted (nominalized)✅ YesIch nehme den großen.

2. All Three Declension Patterns, Side by Side

Which pattern applies depends only on what comes before the adjective.

Comes before adjectivePattern
Definite article (der/die/das/den/dem/des)🟱 Weak
Nothing🔮 Strong
Indefinite/possessive (ein-, mein-, dein-, kein-...)đŸ”” Mixed
Case🟱 Weak (der große Hund)🔮 Strong (großer Hund)đŸ”” Mixed (ein großer Hund)
Nom-e / -e / -e / -en-er / -es / -e / -e-er / -es / -e / -en
Akk-en / -e / -e / -en-en / -es / -e / -e-en / -es / -e / -en
Dat-en (all genders)-em / -em / -er / -en-en (all genders)
Gen-en (all genders)-en / -en / -er / -er-en (all genders)

(each cell reads Masculine / Neuter / Feminine / Plural)

Shortcut: Mixed = Strong only in 3 cells (Nom Masc, Nom Neut, Akk Neut) — everywhere else, Mixed = Weak.

Special determiners that trigger Mixed declension: mein, dein, sein, ihr, unser, euer, Ihr, kein. alle declines like a definite article (Weak); viele, wenige, einige, mehrere, andere take strong endings.

3. Comparison (Steigerung)

DegreeRuleExample
Positivbase formgroß
Komparativ+ -ergrĂ¶ĂŸer
Superlativam + -sten / -estenam grĂ¶ĂŸten
  • -esten instead of -sten when the stem ends in t, d, s, ß, z, sch (breit → am breitesten).
  • One-syllable a/o/u often takes an umlaut: alt→Àlter, groß→grĂ¶ĂŸer, jung→jĂŒnger, kurz→kĂŒrzer — not universal (froh→am frohesten, not fröhsten).
  • als = than (unequal): Er ist schneller als ich.
  • so ... wie = as ... as (equal): Er ist so schnell wie ich.
  • A comparative before a noun still takes normal endings: den schnelleren Zug.

Irregular (memorize):

PositivKomparativSuperlativ
gutbesseram besten
vielmehram meisten
gernlieberam liebsten
hochhöheram höchsten

→ Full list: Degrees of Comparison

4. Fixed Adjective + Preposition (most common)

PrepositionCaseCommon adjectives
aufAkkstolz, neidisch, eifersĂŒchtig, gespannt, wĂŒtend (person)
ĂŒberAkkfroh, glĂŒcklich, traurig, ĂŒberrascht, enttĂ€uscht, wĂŒtend (situation)
fĂŒrAkkbekannt, dankbar, verantwortlich, geeignet, wichtig, gut/schlecht
anDatinteressiert, reich, arm
mitDatzufrieden, beschÀftigt, vertraut, fertig
vonDatabhĂ€ngig, ĂŒberzeugt, frei, unabhĂ€ngig
zuDatfreundlich, nett, höflich, böse

→ Full list with examples: Fixed Adjective + Preposition

5. Partizip I / II as Adjectives

FormFormationMeaningExample
Partizip IInfinitive + -dongoing / active ("-ing")spielend → die spielenden Kinder
Partizip IIge- + stem + -t/-encompleted / passive ("-ed")gekocht → das gekochte Ei

Both decline exactly like a normal adjective — apply the table in §2.

6. Nominalized Adjectives (Adjektive als Nomen)

  • Capitalized, still takes adjective endings (never noun endings).
  • People: der/die + adjective → der Alte, die Kranke, ein Fremder.
  • Abstract ideas: usually das + adjective, neuter, singular → das Gute, das Beste.
  • Very common after etwas, nichts, and superlatives: etwas Neues, nichts Besonderes, das Beste.

7. ⚠ Common Mistakes

MistakeFix
Adding an ending after the noun (Der Hund ist großer)No ending in predicate position: Der Hund ist **groß**.
viel vs viele confusionviel = a lot (uncountable); viele = many (countable)
Forgetting the umlaut on comparatives/superlativesalt→Àlter, not alter — but check, it's not universal
Using wie instead of als for unequal comparisongrĂ¶ĂŸer **als**, not grĂ¶ĂŸer wie
Not declining a comparative before a nounden schnelleren Zug, not den schneller Zug
Wrong preposition on a fixed adjective+preposition pairLearn adjective + preposition as one unit — see §4
Lowercase nominalized adjectiveder Alte, not der alte (capitalize when it stands for a noun)

Related: Adjectives Overview · Degrees of Comparison · Fixed Adjective + Preposition · Adjective List · Grammar Roadmap

Hitesh Sahu
Written by Hitesh Sahu, a passionate developer and blogger.

Sun Aug 16 2026

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Fixed Adjective + Preposition — Feste Adjektiv-PrĂ€positionen 🔗

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Personal Pronouns (Personalpronomen) đŸ‘€

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