German Parts of Speech (Wortarten)

German Parts of Speech :: Wortarten 🧩

The Problem with Learning German Language

A Language is an abstract concept. Unlike Math & Physics or even programming there is no logic or reason behind any rule.

A rule can define a constraint about how a particular building block can work. However, there are no proof or reason behind that rule; you must memorize it blindly and apply it wherever possible to sound as accurate as a Native speaker.

On the top there is 2 level encryption when it comes to word. First you must read and decypher the pronunciation of a word. Next you need top decrypt meaning of the word from huge table of words.

Some words might sound similar to English but rest of them you must memorize them. It is not an easy task considering there is no legs and head behind most of the words: it is how it is.

This is an never ending struggle only you can get a bit better each time you make mistake.

I absolutely hate learning it when it adds no extra benefit other than fitting in a country system. The movies, songs are dead end because most of them are tasteless.

There is no interesting book in German as well that you devote to read and learn the language.

On the other hand there is no standard book for grammar as well. Everyone seems to create their own version of German learning books. There is no constancy across them as again these are not scientific books so they dont need t accurate to the fact

If I continue like this there is no way I can complete it. It's like looking down Abyss and abyss look back you.

So I must make a knowledge base for myself which I can trust. Something I can control and tune according to my level.

Breaking down language as a programming language can help a bit, but I don't want to end up inventing another useless German book.

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German Parts of Speech

Every German word belongs to one of 10 parts of speech (Wortarten).

1. Variable $X$

These change form depending on case, gender, number, person, tense, etc.

1.1. Declinable (deklinierbar)

Change based on case (Nominativ, Akkusativ, Dativ, Genitiv)

index	Part of Speech	German	How It Changes	Notes
1	Noun 📓	Nomen	Declined (Case, Number)	Has gender & plural
2	Article 📝	Artikel	Declined (Case, Gender, Number)	Definite & indefinite
3	Pronoun 🗣️	Pronomen	Declined (Case, Gender, Number)	Replaces noun
4	Adjective 🎨	Adjektiv	Declined and Compared	Changes endings
5	Numeral 🔢	Numerale	Some are declined depending on usage	Numbers (sometimes decline)

1.2. Conjugable (konjugierbar)

Change based on Person, Tense, Mood

Index	Part of Speech	German	How It Changes	Notes
6	Verb 🏃	Verb	Conjugated (Person, Number, Tense, Mood)	only fully conjugated class

2. Invariable $C_0$

This means that the word itself does not change its stem form

• it is neither declined nor conjugated.

Index	Part of Speech	German	Example	Notes
7	Adverb 🏃💨	Adverb	heute, schnell	Describes verb
8	Preposition 📍	Präposition	mit, auf	Governs case
9	Conjunction 🧲	Konjunktion	und, weil	Connects clauses
10	Interjection ❗	Interjektion	oh!, ah!	Emotion/sound

Memory Map

mindmap
  root((Parts of Speech))
    Variable(Variable X)
      Declinable
        Noun(Nomen 📓)
        Article(Artikel 📝)
        Adjective(Adjektiv 🎨)
        Pronoun(Pronomen 🗣️)
        Numeral(Numerale 🔢)
      Conjugable
        Verb(Verb 🏃)
    Invariable(Invariable C)
      Adverb(Adverb 🏃💨)
      Preposition(Präposition 📍)
      Conjunction(Konjunktion 🧲)
      Interjection(Interjektion ❗)

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