Hitesh Sahu
Hitesh SahuHitesh Sahu
  1. Home
  2. ›
  3. notes
  4. ›
  5. …

  6. ›
  7. 6 6 Separable Inseparable Verbs

Loading ā³
Fetching content, this won’t take long…


šŸ’” Did you know?

šŸŒ Bananas are berries, but strawberries are not.

šŸŖ This website uses cookies

No personal data is stored on our servers however third party tools Google Analytics cookies to measure traffic and improve your website experience. Learn more

Grammar

    Grammar
    • German Parts of Speech (Wortarten)



    • Nouns (Substantive) šŸ““


    • Articles šŸ“


    • Cases (FƤlle) šŸ’¬


    • Pronouns šŸ—£ļø


    • Possessive Pronouns (Possessivpronomen) šŸ”


    • Indefinite Pronouns (Indefinitpronomen) 🌿


    • Demonstrative Pronouns (Demonstrativpronomen) šŸ‘‰


    • Interrogative Pronouns (Fragepronomen) ā“


    • Relative Pronouns (Relativpronomen) šŸ”—


    • Adjectives šŸŽØ


    • Adjective List & Fixed Prepositions šŸ“‹


    • Verbs šŸƒ


    • Partizip II (Past Participle) āœ…


    • Weak vs. Strong Verbs (Regelmäßige & Unregelmäßige Verben) 🧩


    • Auxiliary Verbs: sein, haben, werden šŸ’ 


    • Modal Verbs šŸ’Ž


    • Separable & Inseparable Verbs (Trennbare & Untrennbare Verben) šŸ›°ļø



    • Lassen — Causative & Helping Verb šŸ”“


    • Funktionsverbgefüge: Noun-Verb Combinations 🧷


    • Adverbs šŸƒšŸ’Ø


    • Prepositions šŸ“


    • Verben mit PrƤposition & Pronominaladverbien šŸ”Œ


    • Tenses ā³


    • Sentences šŸ’¬


    • Statement Sentences (Aussagesatz) āœ…


    • Imperative Sentences (Imperativsatz) šŸ“¢


    • FragesƤtze: Direct Questions (W-Fragen & Satzfragen) ā“


    • Indirekte FragesƤtze (Indirect Questions) ā”


    • Coordinating Conjunctions (Nebenordnende Konjunktionen) šŸ”—


    • Subordinating Conjunctions (Unterordnende Konjunktionen) āš–ļø


    • Two-Part Connectors (Zweiteilige Konnektoren) šŸ†š


    • Conjunctive Adverbs (Konjunktionaladverbien) šŸ”—


    • German Word Order (Satzstellung) šŸ“


    • InfinitivsƤtze (zu + Infinitiv) šŸ“˜


    • RelativsƤtze Advanced: Prepositions, was & wo šŸ”—


    • Konjunktiv: Mood & Konjunktiv I (Indirekte Rede) šŸŽ­


    • Konjunktiv II (Subjunctive II) šŸŽ­


    • Passiv (Passive Voice) šŸ”„


    • Grammar Index


    Telc-B1

    Telc-Hearing

    Telc-Speaking

    Telc-Writting

    Vocab-Basics

    Vocab-Nouns

    Vocab-Verbs

    X-Class-Notes

    Z-Hobbies

Cover Image for Separable & Inseparable Verbs (Trennbare & Untrennbare Verben) šŸ›°ļø
Grammar

Separable & Inseparable Verbs (Trennbare & Untrennbare Verben) šŸ›°ļø

Learn German separable verbs (trennbare Verben) and their common prefixes, inseparable verbs (untrennbare Verben) and their fixed prefixes (be-, ent-, er-, ge-, miss-, ver-, zer-), and how word order for both changes across a normal sentence, with a modal verb, and in a dependent clause.

German
Grammar
Trennbare Verben
Untrennbare Verben
Separable Verbs
Verbs
← Previous

Auxiliary Verbs: sein, haben, werden šŸ’ 

Next →

Lassen — Causative & Helping Verb šŸ”“

šŸ›° Trennbare & šŸ›ø Untrennbare Verben

1. Trennbare :: Separable Verbs šŸ›°

A separable verb consists of a main verb and a separable prefix.

separableĀ PrefixĀ šŸ›°Ā +Ā VerbĀ Stem \boxed{ \text {separable Prefix šŸ›° + Verb Stem}}separableĀ PrefixĀ šŸ›°Ā +Ā VerbĀ Stem​

In certain sentence structures, the prefix separates from the verb.

CaseWhat happensExample
Normal sentenceVerb splits: prefix goes to the endIch stehe früh auf.
With modal verbVerb stays together (infinitive form)Ich will früh aufstehen.
In dependent clauseVerb stays together (conjugated form)Ich weiß, dass er früh aufsteht.

2. Untrennbare Verben :: Inseparable Prefixes šŸ›ø

Untrennbare Verben (inseparable verbs) are verbs with a prefix that always stays attached to the main verb.

Ā fixĀ PrefixĀ šŸ›øĀ +Ā VerbĀ StemĀ  \boxed{ \text { fix Prefix šŸ›ø + Verb Stem }}Ā fixĀ PrefixĀ šŸ›øĀ +Ā VerbĀ Stem ​

  • The prefix never separates from the verb.

Sentence Formation Rules

1. In a normal sentence

In a normal main clause

  • Separable: prefix moves to the end.
  • Inseparable: prefix stays attached to the verb.
TypeRuleExampleTranslation
Trennbar (Separable)Prefix splits in main clauseIch stehe früh auf.I get up early.
Untrennbar (Inseparable)Prefix stays attachedIch verstehe dich.I understand you.

1.1 Separable Verb

  • the verb stem is conjugated
  • separable prefix moves to the end.

SĀ +Ā conjugatedĀ (SeparableĀ VerbĀ Stem)Ā +Ā ...Ā +Ā (separableĀ PrefixĀ šŸ›°)Ā  \boxed{ \text {S + conjugated (Separable Verb Stem) + ... + (separable Prefix šŸ›°) }}SĀ +Ā conjugatedĀ (SeparableĀ VerbĀ Stem)Ā +Ā ...Ā +Ā (separableĀ PrefixĀ šŸ›°) ​

Examples:

  • Ich rufe meine Mutter an
  • Wir laden die Frau ein
  • Ich stehe um 6 Uhr auf -- I wake up at 6 o'clock
  • Der Zug kommt um 4 Uhr an -- The train comes at 4 o'clock

1.2. Inseparable Verbs

  • the verb is conjugated as one complete word
  • the prefix stays attached
  • the prefix does not move to the end

SĀ +Ā conjugatedĀ (šŸ›øĀ InseparableĀ Verb)Ā +Ā ...Ā  \boxed{ \text {S + conjugated (šŸ›ø Inseparable Verb) + ... }}SĀ +Ā conjugatedĀ (šŸ›øĀ InseparableĀ Verb)Ā +Ā ... ​

Examples:

  • Ich verstehe meine Mutter.
  • Wir bekommen heute Besuch.
  • Ich empfehle dieses Restaurant. → I recommend this restaurant.
  • Er vergisst seinen Schlüssel. → He forgets his key.
  • Sie erreicht den Bahnhof um 6 Uhr. → She reaches the station at 6 o'clock.

2. With a Modal Verb

When a modal verb (like wollen, müssen, sollen, können, etc.) is present,

Separable / Inseparable Verb

  • the modal verb is conjugated and comes in second position.
  • The main verb stays at the end, in its infinitive form (unchanged).
  • The prefix and the verb stay together (not separated).

SĀ +Ā conjugatedĀ (ModelĀ Verb)Ā +Ā ...Ā +Ā infinitiveĀ (SeparableĀ VerbĀ šŸ›°)Ā  \boxed{ \text {S + conjugated (Model Verb) + ... + infinitive (Separable Verb šŸ›°) }}SĀ +Ā conjugatedĀ (ModelĀ Verb)Ā +Ā ...Ā +Ā infinitiveĀ (SeparableĀ VerbĀ šŸ›°) ​

SĀ +Ā conjugatedĀ (ModelĀ Verb)Ā +Ā ...Ā +Ā infinitiveĀ (SeparableĀ VerbĀ šŸ›ø)Ā  \boxed{ \text {S + conjugated (Model Verb) + ... + infinitive (Separable Verb šŸ›ø) }}SĀ +Ā conjugatedĀ (ModelĀ Verb)Ā +Ā ...Ā +Ā infinitiveĀ (SeparableĀ VerbĀ šŸ›ø) ​

Example Separable

GermanEnglish
Ich will meine Mutter anrufen.I want to call my mother.
Wir müssen die Frau einladen.We have to invite the woman.
Du musst um 6 Uhr aufstehen.You must get up at 6 o'clock.
Der Zug soll um 5 Uhr ankommen.The train is supposed to arrive at 5 o'clock.

Examples Inseparable

GermanEnglish
Ich muss die Frage verstehen.I have to understand the question.
Wir wollen das Problem lƶsen.We want to solve the problem.
Du kannst deine Prüfung bestehen.You can pass your exam.
Er soll seine Mutter besuchen.He is supposed to visit his mother.
Sie mƶchte den Termin bestƤtigen.She would like to confirm the appointment.

3. Dependent clauses or after conjunctions

When the verb moves to the end of the sentence (for example, after weil, dass, etc.),

Separable / Inseparable Verb

  • The prefix never separates: a separable verb stays together as one word and is not split.
  • The complete verb is conjugated as one word.
  • The conjugated verb goes to the end of the dependent clause.

,Ā ...Ā +Ā conjugatedĀ (SeparableĀ VerbĀ šŸ›°)Ā  \boxed{ \text {, ... + conjugated (Separable Verb šŸ›°) }},Ā ...Ā +Ā conjugatedĀ (SeparableĀ VerbĀ šŸ›°) ​

,Ā ...Ā +Ā conjugatedĀ (InseparableĀ VerbĀ šŸ›ø)Ā  \boxed{ \text {, ... + conjugated (Inseparable Verb šŸ›ø) }},Ā ...Ā +Ā conjugatedĀ (InseparableĀ VerbĀ šŸ›ø) ​

Example Separable

GermanEnglish
Ich weiß, dass der Zug um 5 Uhr ankommt.I know that the train arrives at 5 o'clock.
Er sagt, dass er seine Mutter anruft.He says that he calls his mother.
Wir glauben, dass sie um 6 Uhr aufsteht.We believe that she gets up at 6 o'clock.
Ich bleibe zu Hause, weil ich morgen früh aufstehe.I stay at home because I get up early tomorrow.
Wenn der Bus pünktlich ankommt, können wir sofort losfahren.If the bus arrives on time, we can leave immediately.

Example Inseparable

GermanEnglish
Ich weiß, dass er mich versteht.I know that he understands me.
Sie sagt, dass sie den Termin vergisst.She says that she forgets the appointment.
Wir wissen, dass er die Prüfung besteht.We know that he passes the exam.
Er glaubt, dass sie das Paket bekommt.He believes that she receives the package.
Ich weiß, weil er die Situation erklärt.I know because he explains the situation.

4. Perfect Tense

Verb TypePartizip IIExample
Separableprefix + ge + verbauf → aufgestanden
Inseparableprefix + verb, no gever → verstanden

Separable Verbs

With a separable verb, the prefix stays attached to the verb in the Partizip II.

SĀ +Ā conjugated(habe/sein)Ā ...Ā +Ā PIIĀ (SeparableĀ PrefixĀ šŸ›°Ā +Ā ge+Ā VerbĀ Stem)Ā  \boxed{ \text {S + conjugated(habe/sein) ... + PII (Separable Prefix šŸ›° + ge+ Verb Stem) }}SĀ +Ā conjugated(habe/sein)Ā ...Ā +Ā PIIĀ (SeparableĀ PrefixĀ šŸ›°Ā +Ā ge+Ā VerbĀ Stem) ​

Pattern

Separable prefix + ge + verb stem + ending

Examples:

  • auf + ge + standen → aufgestanden
  • an + ge + kommen → angekommen
  • ein + ge + kauft → eingekauft

Example:

InfinitivePartizip IIExampleEnglish
aufstehenaufgestandenIch bin früh aufgestanden.I got up early.
ankommenangekommenDer Zug ist pünktlich angekommen.The train arrived on time.
anrufenangerufenIch habe meine Mutter angerufen.I called my mother.
einkaufeneingekauftWir haben gestern eingekauft.We went shopping yesterday.
aufmachenaufgemachtEr hat die Tür aufgemacht.He opened the door.

Inseparable Verbs

With an inseparable verb, ge- is NOT added.

SĀ +Ā conjugated(habe/sein)Ā ...Ā +Ā PII(šŸ›øĀ InSeparableĀ Verb)Ā  \boxed{ \text {S + conjugated(habe/sein) ... + PII(šŸ›ø InSeparable Verb) }}SĀ +Ā conjugated(habe/sein)Ā ...Ā +Ā PII(šŸ›øĀ InSeparableĀ Verb) ​

Verb TypePartizip IIge-
Separableauf + ge + standen → aufgestandenāœ… Yes
Inseparablever + standen → verstandenāŒ No
  • verstehen → verstanden

Example:

InfinitivePartizip IIExampleEnglish
verstehenverstandenIch habe dich verstanden.I understood you.
vergessenvergessenIch habe den Termin vergessen.I forgot the appointment.
bekommenbekommenSie hat eine Nachricht bekommen.She received a message.
empfehlenempfohlenEr hat mir das Restaurant empfohlen.He recommended the restaurant to me.
zerstƶrenzerstƶrtDer Sturm hat das Haus zerstƶrt.The storm destroyed the house.

Common Separable Prefixes

PrefixMeaning / IdeaExample VerbEnglish Meaning
ab-away, off, downabfahrento depart
an-on, at, beginanfangento start
auf-up, openaufstehento get up
aus-out, fromausgehento go out
bei-along, contributebeibringento teach
ein-in, intoeinsteigento get in
mit-with, alongmitkommento come along
nach-after, follownachdenkento think about
vor-before, forwardvorbereitento prepare
zu-to, towards, closedzumachento close
zurück-backzurückkommento come back
weiter-further, continueweitergehento continue
weg-awayweggehento go away
fern-distancefernsehento watch TV
los-begin, start offlosgehento get going
fest-firm, fixedfesthaltento hold tight
heim-homeheimkommento come home
her-towards (speaker)herkommento come here
hin-away (from speaker)hingehento go there
rüber-over (across)rüberkommento come over
vorbei-past, byvorbeigehento walk past / go by
zusammen-togetherzusammenarbeitento work together
statt-take placestattfindento take place / happen

Dual Prefixes (Separable or Inseparable)

PrefixMeaning / IdeaExample VerbEnglish MeaningNote
um-around, over, re-umsteigento change (trains, buses)āš ļø Can also be inseparable (e.g., umarmen = to hug)
durch-throughdurchsehento look through / checkāš ļø Can also be inseparable (e.g., durchleben = to live through)

šŸ›ø Inseparable Prefixes

Untrennbare Verben – Inseparable Prefixes

PrefixMeaning / IdeaExample VerbEnglish Meaning
be-affect / make something havebekommento receive
emp-receive, feelempfehlento recommend
ent-remove, escapeentfernento remove
er-result, achieve, beginerreichento reach, achieve
ge-result, collectivegefallento please
miss-wrongly, badlymissverstehento misunderstand
ver-change, away, errorvergessento forget
zer-destroy, break apartzerstƶrento destroy

**Related: ** Verbs Overview Ā· Subordinating Conjunctions Ā· Sentence Structure

Hitesh Sahu
Written by Hitesh Sahu, a passionate developer and blogger.

Mon Aug 10 2026

Share This on

← Previous

Auxiliary Verbs: sein, haben, werden šŸ’ 

Next →

Lassen — Causative & Helping Verb šŸ”“

Grammar/6-6-Separable-Inseparable-Verbs
Let's work together
hiteshkrsahu@gmail.com
Munich 🄨, Germany šŸ‡©šŸ‡Ŗ, EU
Playstore
Hitesh Sahu's apps on Google Play Store
Need Help?
Let's Connect
Navigation
Ā  Home/About
Ā  Skills
Ā  Work/Projects
Ā  Lab/Experiments
Ā  Contribution
Ā  Awards
Ā  Art/Sketches
Ā  Thoughts
Ā  Contact
Links
Ā  Sitemap
Ā  Legal Notice
Ā  Privacy Policy

Made with

NextJS logo

NextJS by

hitesh Sahu

| Ā© 2026 All rights reserved.