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Grammar

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Cover Image for Futur I & Futur II (Future Tenses) 🗓️
Grammar

Futur I & Futur II (Future Tenses) 🗓️

Learn German Futur I (simple future, werden + Infinitiv) and Futur II (future perfect, werden + Partizip II + haben/sein): formation, word order across statements/questions/negatives, and when werden expresses probability instead of the future.

German
Grammar
Futur I
Futur II
Future Tense
Tenses
← Previous

Präsens (Present Tense) 🕗

Next →

Präteritum, Perfekt & Plusquamperfekt (Past Tenses) 📘

TENSE ⏳

A tense (Zeitform) tells us when an action happens.

German has six main tenses that describe actions in the:

🕗 Present

🟢 Präsens
🇬🇧 English TensePresent Simple, Present Continuous
UseActions happening now, general truths, and scheduled future events
FormationStem + endings (-e, -st, -t, -en, -t, -en)
ExampleIch gehe nach Hause.
(I go home. / I am going home.)
flowchart LR
subgraph "Past ⏮️"
P1["⏳ <b>Perfekt (spoken) <b/><br/>
        Actions completed in the past :<br/>
I learned German 🏃🏻‍♀️‍➡"]

P2["📘 <b>Präteritum (written)</b><br/>
Actions completed in the past :<br/>
I learned German 🏃🏻‍♀️ "]

P3["⌛ <b>Plusquam perfekt</b><br/>
Action completed before another action<br/>
I had learned German before I moved to Germany. 🏃🏻‍♀️‍➡"]
end

subgraph Present
PR["🕗 <b>Präsens<br/>
Happening now:
I am learning German ᯓ🏃🏻‍♀️‍➡️"]
end

subgraph Future
F1["🗓️ <b>Futur I</b><br/>
Action will happen in the future.<br/>
I wIll learn German"]

F2["📆 <b>Futur II</b><br/>
Action will be completed before a future deadline.<br/>
I will have learned German before the exam."]
end

PR --> P2
PR --> P1
P1 --> P3
P2 --> P3
PR --> F1 --> F2
    ⏳ Tenses (Zeitformen)
    
    ├── 📖 What is a Tense?
    │
    ├── 🗺️ Tense Overview
    │   ├── Past
    │   ├── Present
    │   └── Future
    │
    ├── 🟢 Präsens (Present)
    │   ├── Formation
    │   ├── Conjugation
    │   ├── Uses
    │   ├── Examples
    │   └── Common mistakes
    │
    ├── 📘 Präteritum (Simple Past)
    │   ├── Formation
    │   ├── Weak verbs
    │   ├── Strong verbs
    │   ├── Uses
    │   └── Examples
    │
    ├── ⏳ Perfekt (Present Perfect)
    │   ├── Formation
    │   ├── haben vs sein
    │   ├── Partizip II
    │   ├── Uses
    │   └── Examples
    │
    ├── ⌛ Plusquamperfekt (Past Perfect)
    │   ├── Formation
    │   ├── Uses
    │   └── Examples
    │
    ├── 🗓️ Futur I
    │   ├── Formation
    │   ├── Uses
    │   └── Examples
    │
    ├── 📆 Futur II
    │   ├── Formation
    │   ├── Uses
    │   └── Examples
    │
    ├── ⚖️ Tense Comparison
    │   ├── Präsens vs Futur I
    │   ├── Perfekt vs Präteritum
    │   ├── Perfekt vs Plusquamperfekt
    │   └── Futur I vs Futur II
    │
    ├── 📊 Timeline Diagram
    │
    ├── 💡 Quick Reference Table
    │
    └── 📝 Exercises

Präsens vs Futur I

If the future is already clear from context (morgen, nächste Woche, um 8 Uhr), Germans usually use Präsens. Use Futur I when you want to emphasize the future, make a prediction, a promise, or express an assumption.

Both Präsens and Futur I can describe future actions. However, Präsens is much more common in everyday German.

When the time is already mentioned, Germans usually use Präsens.

PräsensFutur I
Usually used for planned or scheduled future eventsUsed to emphasize the future, make predictions, promises, or assumptions
Verb Stem + Personal Endingwerden + Infinitive
Ich fahre morgen nach Berlin.Ich werde morgen nach Berlin fahren.

flowchart TD
    A["Talking about the Future?"]
    A --> B{"Is the time already known?"}
    B -->|Yes| C["🟢 Präsens<br/>Morgen fahre ich nach Berlin."]
    B -->|No| D{"Prediction or Promise?"}
    D -->|Yes| E["🗓️ Futur I<br/>Ich werde nach Berlin fahren."]
    D -->|No| C

2. FUTURE TENSE

TenseGerman NameFormationUseExample
Future I🗓️ Futur Iwerden + infinitiveActions that will happenIch werde nach Hause gehen. (I will go home)
Future II📆 Futur IIwerden + Partizip II + haben/seinActions that will have been completed in the futureIch werde nach Hause gegangen sein. (I will have gone home)

2.1 🗓️ Futur I (Simple Future Tense)

Futur I is used to talk about future actions, predictions, promises, intentions, and assumptions.

This is one of the most common uses of Futur in spoken German.

Use Case

  • Predictions: Something you believe will happen.
  • Promises: make future promise for an action
  • Intentions : Plans or decisions.
  • Assumptions (Very Common): making probability

Werden

Werden is Auxiliary verb that indicate secondary verb action will be performed in the future.

In Futur I, werden is the auxiliary verb. It is conjugated, while the main verb remains in the infinitive at the end of the sentence.

It has 2 meanings:

MeaningExample
Future : I WILL"Ich werde nach Hause gehen.
Probability : "PROBABLY"Er wird jetzt schlafen.

When werden is used without a future time expression, it often expresses an assumption or probability.

It is frequently combined with words like: wohl, wahrscheinlich, or vielleicht

🔤 Conjugation of werden

PersonConjugation
ichwerde
duwirst
er/sie/es/namewird
wirwerden
ihrwerdet
sie/Siewerden

💡 Formation Rules

> Since Werden is auxiliary verb it gets conjugated while main verb remain in Infinitive

1. Main action Verb remain in Infinitive form at end

The Main action in infinitive form (Stem unchanged) always stays at the end.

It is a common mistake

  • ❌ Ich werde fahre --> ✅ Ich werde fahren.

2. Infinitive dances around in subject-conjugated form

Werden in subject-conjugated form is added before/after subject based on sentence type

3. Verb-Second (V2) Rule.

No matter what comes first(Time, Place, Object), the conjugated verb is always in Position 2 in a German main clause.

Sentence Structures

1. Simple sentence

Word Order in sentence depend on Time, Place signals

1.1 Normal Word Order

Subject + (werden in subject-conjugate form) + Object + (verb in infinitive)

Example:

SentenceMeaning
Ich werde morgen nach Berlin fahren.I will travel to Berlin
Er wird wohl zu Hause sein.He's probably at home (right now).
Sie wird das wissen.She probably knows that.
Das wird wohl stimmen.That's probably true.
Er wird wahrscheinlich schon angekommen sein.He has probably already arrived. (Futur II as a past assumption)

More examples:

German🇬🇧 English
Ich werde morgen arbeiten.I will work tomorrow.
Wir werden bald umziehen.We will move soon.
Er wird Arzt werden.He will become a doctor.
Sie wird später anrufen.She will call later.
Das wird schwierig sein.That will probably be difficult.
Es wird morgen schneien.It will snow tomorrow.
Du wirst die Prüfung bestehen.You will pass the exam.
Ich werde immer für dich da sein.I will always be there for you.

1.2 Time First

Time + (werden in subject-conjugate form) + Subject + Object + (verb in infinitive)

Example:

TimeSentence
MorgenMorgen werde ich nach Berlin fahren.
Nächste WocheNächste Woche werden wir ein neues Auto kaufen.
Heute AbendHeute Abend wird sie ihre Eltern besuchen.
BaldBald wirst du fließend Deutsch sprechen.
Im SommerIm Sommer werden sie nach Italien reisen.

1.3 Place First

Place + (werden in subject-conjugate form) + Subject + Object + (verb in infinitive)

Example:

PlaceSentence
Nach BerlinNach Berlin werde ich morgen fahren.
In die SchweizIn die Schweiz werden wir nächstes Jahr reisen.
Ins BüroIns Büro werde ich später gehen.
Nach HauseNach Hause wird sie heute Abend kommen.
Zur UniversitätZur Universität wirst du morgen laufen.

2. Question

In yes/no questions, the conjugated verb (werden) always comes first, followed by the subject. The main verb remains in the infinitive at the end.

(werden in subject-conjugate form) + Subject + ... + (Infinitive Verb) ?

Example:

Question🇬🇧 English
Wirst du morgen kommen?Will you come tomorrow?
Werdet ihr heute arbeiten?Will you work today?
Werden wir pünktlich ankommen?Will we arrive on time?
Wird sie später anrufen?Will she call later?
Werden sie nach Berlin fahren?Will they travel to Berlin?

For W type Questions, werdern comes second

Question Word + (werden in subject-conjugate form) + Subject + ... + (Infinitive Verb) ?

German🇬🇧 English
Wann wirst du kommen?When will you come?
Wo werden sie wohnen?Where will they live?
Warum wird er später anrufen?Why will he call later?
Wie wirst du nach Berlin fahren?How will you travel to Berlin?
Was werdet ihr morgen machen?What will you do tomorrow?

3. Negative

Subject + werden + nicht + ... + (Infinitive Verb)

German🇬🇧 English
Ich werde heute nicht arbeiten.I will not work today.
Er wird morgen nicht kommen.He will not come tomorrow.
Wir werden nächste Woche nicht verreisen.We will not travel next week.
Sie wird das Buch nicht lesen.She will not read the book.
Du wirst die Prüfung nicht bestehen.You will not pass the exam.

2.3 📆 Futur II (Future Perfect Tense)

Futur II is used to describe an action that will already be completed before a future point in time.

Use cases

It is also commonly used to express assumptions about completed actions.

  • Deadlines
  • Goals that will be finished
  • Completed action before a future time
  • Assumption about a completed action

Formation

Futur II is formed with the auxiliary verb werden, the Partizip II of the main verb, and the auxiliary haben/sein at the end.

Subject + (werden in subject-conjugate form) + Object + (Verb Partizip II) + (haben/sein)

💡 Formation Rules

> Since Werden is auxiliary verb it gets conjugated while main verb becomes Partizip II.

1. Main action Verb comes Partizip II.

2. The auxiliary haben or sein stays at the very end.

The sentence always ends with

... + (Main action in Partizip II) + haben/sein

3. Infinitive dances around in subject-conjugated form

Werden in subject-conjugated form is added before/after subject based on sentence type

4. Verb-Second (V2) Rule.

No matter what comes first(Time, Place, Object), the conjugated verb is always in Position 2 in a German main clause.

Future I vs Future II

FeatureFutur IFutur II
Auxiliarywerdenwerden
Main VerbInfinitivePartizip II
EndingInfinitivePartizip II + haben/sein
MeaningWill doWill have done
Main UseFuture actionCompleted before a future point
Secondary UsePrediction, assumptionAssumption about completed actions

Sentence Structures

1. Simple Sentences

Subject + werden + ... + Partizip II + haben/sein

German🇬🇧 English
Ich werde Deutsch gelernt haben.I will have learned German.
Wir werden das Projekt abgeschlossen haben.We will have completed the project.
Er wird angekommen sein.He will have arrived.
Sie wird den Bericht geschrieben haben.She will have written the report.

2. Time First

Time + werden + Subject + ... + Partizip II + haben/sein

TimeSentence
Bis morgenBis morgen werde ich alles erledigt haben.
Nächste WocheNächste Woche werden wir das Haus verkauft haben.
Bis FreitagBis Freitag wird sie den Bericht geschrieben haben.

3. Place First

Place + werden + Subject + ... + Partizip II + haben/sein

PlaceSentence
In BerlinIn Berlin werde ich eine Wohnung gefunden haben.
Zu HauseZu Hause wird er schon angekommen sein.

4. Questions

werden + Subject + ... + Partizip II + haben/sein?

German🇬🇧 English
Wirst du das Buch gelesen haben?Will you have read the book?
Werden wir das Projekt beendet haben?Will we have finished the project?
Wird er angekommen sein?Will he have arrived?

5. Negative

Subject + werden + nicht + ... + Partizip II + haben/sein

German🇬🇧 English
Ich werde das Buch nicht gelesen haben.I will not have read the book.
Sie wird noch nicht angekommen sein.She will not have arrived yet.

🎯 Focus per level

  • A1 → Präsens
  • A2 → Perfekt
  • B1 → Präteritum (common verbs), Futur I
  • B2 → Plusquamperfekt, Futur II

Related: Tenses Overview · Präsens · Past Tenses · Auxiliary Verbs · Grammar Roadmap

Hitesh Sahu
Written by Hitesh Sahu, a passionate developer and blogger.

Wed Aug 12 2026

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Präsens (Present Tense) 🕗

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Präteritum, Perfekt & Plusquamperfekt (Past Tenses) 📘

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